Japanese Studies Program @ York University

JP1000 Lecture 3


Numerals:

Chinese Series:

 1: ichi          2: ni(i)       3: san         4: shi(i)/yon 5: go(o)              
6: roku 7: shichi/nana 8: hachi 9: kyuu/ku 10: juu
11: juu-ichi 12: juu-ni 13: juu-san 14: juu-shi/yon
20: ni-juu 30: san-juu 45: yon-juu-go 66: roku-juu-roku
72: nana-juu-ni 89: hachi-juu-ku 94: kyuu-juu-yon/shi

100: hyaku 200: ni-hyaku 300: san-byaku 400: yon-hyaku
500: go-hyaku 600: rop-pyaku 700: nana-hyaku 800: hap-pyaku
900: kyuu-hyaku

125: hyaku-ni-juu-go 247: ni-hyaku-yon-juu-nana
654: rop-pyaku-go-juu-yon 999: kyuu-hyaku-kyuu-juu-kyuu

1000: sen 2000: ni-sen 3000: san-zen 4000: yon-sen
5000: go-sen 6000: roku-sen 7000: nana-sen 8000: has-sen
9000: kyuu-sen

2748: ni-sen-nana-hyaku-yon-juu-hachi
8694: has-sen-rop-pyaku-kyuu-juu-yon

1,0000 : ichi-man 10,0000 : juu-man
100,0000 : hyaku-man 1000,0000 : is-sen-man
1,0000,0000 : ichi-oku 10,0000,0000 : juu-oku
100,0000,0000 : hyaku-oku 1000,0000,0000 : sen-oku
1,0000,0000,0000 : it-choo

3,8391 : san-man-has-sen-san-byaku-kyuu-juu-ichi
829,6476: hap-pyaku-ni-juu-kyuu-man-roku-sen-yon-hyaku-nana-juu-roku

Counters: money

-en      'yen'   :         „2500   „1,3849
-doru 'dollar': $75 $250 $1200
-sento 'cent' : ¢35 ¢48 $37.61

Demonstratives:

Three way system: 
ko- series 'this' - near speaker
so- series 'that' - near hearer
a - series 'that over there' - distant from both

do- series 'wh-'

Separate items: -re
kore sore are dore

Modification: -no Noun
kono daigaku sono jisho ano sensee dono shinbun

Adverbs: degree

Adv + Aff: złibun, totemo, kąnari ...		kanari omoshiroi desu

Adv + Neg: a(n)mari, chittņmo, zenzen ... amari oishiku arimasen

Copula [Noun + copula]:

Present  	Past     	Pres. Neg.		Past Neg                                    

N desu N deshita N de wa arimasen N de wa arimasen deshita
(ja) (ja)
ginkoo desu kodomo deshita sensee ja arimasen gakusee ja arimasen deshita

[cf. Adjectives & verbs]

A desu Ast-katta desu Ast-ku arimasen Ast-ku arimasen deshita

Vn-masu Vn-mashita Vn-masen Vn-masen deshita




Hints & Suggestions
Let's learn how to count with your fingers in Japanese.
Compare how you do it in your own culture.

Link: Japanese currency
Link: Japanese Body Language (courtesy of Live Japan)


© Norio Ota 2021